The importance and value of ecosystem goods and services are now widely acknowledged for its positive role in planet, people, and prosperity – three main pillars of sustainable development. The implication has been linked to policy and decision making as an innovative strategy for the improved management of land, water, and living resources that can promote conservation and at the same time fostering human well-being.

The Environmental stability of human settlement now is an international concern; but since the Industrial Revolution in 1760 to the recent past, people have thought about the economic growth in almost all development strategies and programs. They exposed little concern about the environment that could be affected by taking such strategies and programs. That’s why the people have indiscriminately deforested and subsequently industrialized and modernized their habitations. Consequently, the level of greenhouse gases like, Carbon Di-oxide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulphur Di-oxide, Sulphur Monoxide, etc. have increased considerably.

Environmental governance is a concept in political ecology or environmental policy related to identifying the elements needed to achieve sustainability and resilience. It is entwined with different aspects of sustainable development and is crucial not only to the well-being of the people but also for their very survival, particularly for those who depend on natural resources and the environment to manage livelihood.

Human activities in the name of development emit about 29 billion tons of Carbon Di-oxide per year, while volcanoes emit between 0.2-0.3 billion tons. At present, half of the CO2 released from the burning of fossil fuels remains in the atmosphere and is not absorbed by vegetation and marine water. CO2is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. CO2 is naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth’s Carbon cycle (natural circulation of Carbon is in the atmosphere, oceans, soil, plants, and animals).